Play and Connect! Glider Park Opens in Growing Kinma Valley Community

Families in Morayfield will soon have a new place to gather, play and explore, with the official opening of Glider Park, the first public park delivered in the Kinma Valley development



The $3.5 million, one-hectare park will host a free community event this Saturday, 22 November, marking a key early milestone for the growing neighbourhood.

For many locals, the opening offers a first real chance to see how the emerging masterplanned community is taking shape. More than 6,500 residents are expected to call Kinma Valley home eventually, and around 30 per cent of the 234-hectare site has been earmarked for open space, parks, green corridors and natural areas.

Glider Park is the first of these spaces to open, with more to come as construction progresses.

Saturday’s launching will include a Traditional Welcome and Dance, live music, children’s activities, face painting, and a sausage sizzle hosted by Carmichael College, which adjoins the development. The day is expected to draw families from both within the new community and the wider Morayfield area.

A Park with a Story Behind It

The park’s design centres on the sugar glider, the small nocturnal marsupial native to the region. Landscape architects from Urbis, along with Blaklash and First Nations artist Zartisha Davis, drew inspiration from the glider’s movement and habitat. 

The playground features a tall curving tower and slide intended to mimic the sweeping glide of the animal through the trees. Rubber softfall patterned with stylised eucalypt imagery, tree-sap-inspired climbing grips, and even tiny model insects embedded into the surfaces are included to encourage children to explore and notice small details.

The sugar glider theme also carries cultural meaning. The design references Kabi Kabi Country, acknowledging the deep connection between land, water and community. This story thread is woven through the park’s public art, materials and layout, making it more than just a play space — it’s intended as a place where families can learn and feel connected to local heritage.

Alongside the playground, visitors will find shaded picnic shelters, a half basketball court, a dry creek bed, native planting and a kick-about lawn. The combination of natural forms and open areas aims to support relaxed family visits as well as everyday use by future Kinma Valley residents.

A Community Beginning to Take Shape

While Glider Park is the first physical sign of public space in Kinma Valley, the broader development is progressing behind the scenes. New homesites will continue to be released throughout 2025, including 24 lots in Stages 13 and 14 on 25 November. Stages 15 through 21 are underway, bringing more housing choice to a part of Morayfield that has been steadily growing.

A 34-home display village — one of the largest in the region — is expected to fully open in 2026, though 26 homes are already available for visitors to walk through. As more families begin moving in over the coming months, Glider Park provides an immediate focal point for community life.

The future masterplan also includes a 31-hectare central park, 12 local parks, more than six kilometres of walking and cycling trails, and a community hub with a café in its first stage. With Carmichael College sitting right next door and five more schools within five kilometres, the area is positioned to support young families seeking both convenience and green space.

Locals Invited to Join the Opening Day

For now, though, Saturday’s event is all about welcoming residents, neighbours and interested locals to see the park for themselves. Community open days can be important moments for new suburbs — early opportunities for people to meet, chat and picture the kind of neighbourhood they want to help shape.

Families attending will be able to tour the playground, explore the nature-themed features, enjoy the entertainment, and take part in the sausage sizzle run by Carmichael College. Many will also be curious to see how Glider Park fits into the broader Kinma Valley layout, especially given the significant amount of future open space planned.



The opening event runs throughout the day, with Stockland encouraging residents to visit, wander through, and get a feel for the park at their own pace.

Published 20-Nov-2025

Burpengary Bike Trails Draw Community With New Purpose-Built Riding Space

Burpengary has become the newest drawcard for mountain-bike riders after the opening of a purpose-built trail system designed to give families, beginners and skilled cyclists a dedicated place to ride.



The City of Moreton Bay stated that the project was created in response to growing interest in outdoor recreation and the need for more places where locals can stay active close to home. 

The three-kilometre network, located near Grogan Road Park, includes wooden berms, boardwalks, rollers, jumps, a rock garden and timber ramps that riders can choose based on their confidence level. 

Professional builders constructed the trails to support safer riding and reduce pressure on informal tracks often used by young people across the region. The project cost is noted at around $700,000, forming part of a broader strategy to support active lifestyles and provide more outdoor spaces across the region.

 

Community Benefits

Residents in the area have expressed interest in facilities that offer young people a place to challenge themselves while remaining in a safe, structured environment. Council explained in its announcement that the Burpengary trails are intended to give riders a central spot where they can practise, socialise and spend time outside without travelling long distances to other parts of the region. 

The location also connects to nearby parkland, allowing families to use surrounding open spaces while riders make use of the features.

Design and Construction

The trail design emphasizes variety, allowing riders to progress at their own pace. The mix of dirt surfaces, timber elements and shaped terrain allows for different riding styles, which the builders structured to keep the flow transparent and predictable. 

Signage around the trails guides riders on which areas suit entry-level skills and which sections cater to more advanced users. Council noted that the project forms part of its broader plan to increase outdoor recreation options as population growth continues across the region.



Moreton Bay will continue exploring further upgrades to recreation areas as the region expands. 

Published 20-Nov-2025

Waterfront Unit Proposal Progresses in Bribie Island

A proposal for multiple dwellings at 95 Sylvan Beach Esplanade has progressed in Bribie Island, with plans outlining 21 units on the waterfront site.



Background and Site Context

A development application for multiple dwellings at 95 Sylvan Beach Esplanade, Bellara, was lodged on 27 October 2025 under DA/2025/5332. The 4733sqm waterfront site faces Pumicestone Passage and sits close to Marine Parade and the local Volunteer Marine Rescue facility.

According to information included in submissions, the land holds an approval for a nine-lot subdivision. However, updated documentation suggests that a multi-residential layout is viewed as more consistent with the existing planning scheme.

A decision notice for the application was issued on 14 November 2025. The project entered the applicant appeal period on 18 November 2025, which is scheduled to continue until 15 December 2025. This stage allows the applicant the opportunity to respond to the decision and determine whether any further action is required.

Sylvan Beach Esplanade
Photo Credit: DA/2025/5332

Proposal Details

Plans for the site set out 21 three-bedroom units, delivered through a combination of two and three-storey buildings. The layout includes a private internal access road leading from Elcata Avenue, which would provide entry to the dwellings within the site.

The documents lodged with the application state that each unit would include at least two car parking spaces. The architectural plans submitted provide further detail on the building arrangement, internal access structure and the overall form of the proposed development.

 Bellara development
Photo Credit: DA/2025/5332

Planning Considerations

Submissions linked to the proposal indicate that while the existing subdivision approval remains valid, the shift to a multi-residential concept is seen by some contributors as more aligned with the intentions of the planning scheme. A request to use a superseded planning scheme was also submitted as part of the application process, as shown in the DA records.

Bribie Island development
Photo Credit: DA/2025/5332

Community Submissions

The referenced submissions acknowledge both the earlier approval and the updated multi-unit proposal. The views expressed in these documents outline the position that the revised design may better reflect scheme expectations. The application remains within the appeal window, allowing responses to the decision notice issued in mid-November.

Outlook



The next steps for the proposal will depend on the outcome of the appeal period. Once this phase concludes, the status of the application will be confirmed. If it progresses, the plans outline the potential delivery of 21 units on the Bribie Island waterfront.

Published 19-Nov-2025

Photo Credit: Pexels

Caboolture Teen Shines On World Stage With Kickboxing Victory

A Caboolture teenager won a kickboxing gold medal and a Muay Thai silver medal at the ISKA AMA World Championships in Brisbane, lifting local pride and drawing wide community support.



Rising Local Athlete

The tournament took place on 15-19 October 2025 at Sleeman Sports Centre. About three hundred athletes from eighteen countries competed in kickboxing and Muay Thai bouts. Tayvian Marden Ryle, a seventeen year old from Caboolture and a student at Tullawong State High School, entered both divisions. 

Tayvian won gold in kickboxing and earned a silver in Muay Thai at the ISKA AMA World Championships. The event held extra meaning for local athletes because it was the first time Australia hosted the Amateur World Championships for these sports.

Years Of Training

He began practising Muay Thai at age seven after watching a match during a family trip to Thailand. He trains at Crittenden Muay Thai and often speaks about the support he receives from his coach and his family. 

He has said that he prefers Muay Thai because he enjoys the pace and technique of the sport. His records show that he has been active in competitions since early adolescence.

Strong Support From Home

Tullawong State High School shared praise for his achievements, noting his discipline and sportsmanship. Community members have also shown steady support on social media. 

His family posted updates during the tournament, including his win over the United States fighter and his move into the final round. They were proud of his progress and praised him for the effort behind his performance.

Plans For The Future

He plans to turn professional when he turns eighteen and hopes to enter larger international circuits, including One Championship. For now, he remains focused on improving his skills and building experience through upcoming bouts. 



His recent win has strengthened his profile and placed him among Australia’s promising young fighters.

Published 17-November-2025

Infinity Planet Proposal Aims to Reshape Elimbah with Billion‑dollar Tourism Precinct

Photo credit: Moreton Bay DA Tracker/RHC City

A site in Elimbah has been proposed for what developers describe as a major new tourism project. The company behind the idea, RHC City, has submitted plans for Infinity Planet, a 2.6 billion‑dollar integrated entertainment precinct on a 68‑hectare strawberry and macadamia farm just off Bartholomew Road.


Read: Elimbah Development: Feedback Sought on Long-Term Future


The site is alongside the Bruce Highway near the Steve Irwin Way turn‑off and is currently rural land, but the developer believes it could become what their documents term a “permanent world expo.”

Infinity Planet
Aerial view of site (Photo credit: Moreton Bay DA Tracker/RHC City)

According to planning documents, “The project will deliver a globally significant, integrated tourism and entertainment city that combines major tourist attractions, short‑term accommodation, leisure, recreation, and innovation‑led business activity within a single cohesive environment.”

Photo credit: Moreton Bay DA Tracker/RHC City

Infinity Planet is designed to unfold across multiple stages. The first stage centres on a new theme park supported by a 9 000‑seat City Hall‑style venue, a cultural mall, an art‑focused complex and parking for around 10 000 vehicles. Although the car parks are large, driving within the precinct itself would not be allowed. Visitors are expected to arrive via public transport, with Elimbah Station located more than three kilometres away.

The developer describes the project as Australia’s largest purpose‑built integrated entertainment city. A key feature of the plan is 50 cultural pavilions where countries can participate and present elements of their heritage, traditions and creative industries. The first precinct is targeted to open ahead of the Brisbane 2032 Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Later stages would introduce more than 700 hotel rooms ranging from three‑star to five‑star options along with glamping sites. Accommodation for employees and visiting professionals also forms part of the wider vision. Planning reports estimate that the hotel offering could generate close to 300 000 additional room nights per year once operational.

Infinity Planet
Photo credit: Moreton Bay DA Tracker/RHC City

Retail and business activity form another major element of the proposal. The development includes a 136 000‑square‑metre internationally themed retail and dining precinct as well as a business and technology park designed to attract innovation‑focussed industries.

Visitor projections provided by the developers suggest that the theme parks could draw around 1.2 million people annually, while a further 1.8 million visitors may be drawn to the retail precinct. Forecasts also indicate strong interest from international tourists.

RHC City presents the proposal as a significant cultural and economic opportunity. Their planning documents describe the vision for Infinity Planet as “a dynamic, sustainable, and future‑ready tourism city that captures the imagination of visitors of all ages, offering cultural experiences for every member of the family while generating enduring employment and defining the next evolution of tourism, entertainment, and innovation for Queensland.”


Read: Plans Revealed for New Shopping Centre ‘Rose Creek Village’ in Elimbah


The company lists involvement in large‑scale developments overseas, including projects in Singapore, Baku and Kuala Lumpur. The proposal has been lodged and will progress through the planning assessment process.

Published 14-November-2025

Featured Image Credit: DA/2025/5741

Caboolture Hospital Under Scrutiny as Missed Cancer Case Prompts Audit


Caboolture Hospital is at the centre of a major review into thousands of medical scans that were allegedly not properly checked, after a patient’s diagnosis was missed and later led to their death.



The review began after a patient with advanced cancer died when their imaging results went reportedly unchecked for five weeks. Metro North Health confirmed that clinicians had to re-examine 21,491 scans from the hospital’s specialist outpatient clinic, and that 38 patients were contacted for follow-up care as a result.

“Earlier this month, Caboolture Hospital identified inconsistencies in how medical imaging results were distributed in our Specialist Outpatient Department, meaning there are approximately 9,000 patients without confirmation their results were reviewed or followed up,” Dr Elizabeth Rushbrook, Chief Medical Officer, Metro North Health, said in a statement

“This includes surgical, cardiac, respiratory and paediatric patients who were referred to the Specialist Outpatient Department and underwent imaging since 1 April 2023 to 4 September 2025.”

“We’ve taken immediate steps and introduced new robust processes to ensure imaging results are consistently shared with treating specialists going forward. We believe most of these records were reviewed and actioned. However, to be certain, we have commenced a review related to these patients to ensure they receive appropriate follow-up care.”

Background of the review

The health service stated that the problem stemmed from a shift in imaging processes in April 2023, which caused inconsistent distribution of hard-copy results even though digital files remained available. According to them, doctors not consistently receiving paper copies of imaging results, which meant some findings were not checked in the usual way. 

This procedural change is a central issue in the investigation. More than 21,000 scans were examined, with around 14,000 categorised as high priority. 

Metro North Health stated that all affected patients had been contacted and that no further deaths had been linked to the missed imaging reviews.

Photo Credit: Google Maps screengrab

Hospital response and broader system considerations

Metro North Health also said that clearer procedures for handling imaging results have now been introduced, with strengthened steps to ensure results are consistently shared with specialists.

Any patients with ongoing concerns may seek their medical records and consult clinicians for further assessment.



Queensland health authorities began looking more widely at imaging practices across the state following the Caboolture review. Officials have stressed that hospital processes have been tightened, and the health service has acknowledged the need to restore confidence through better communication and reliable follow-up care.

Published 14-Nov-2025

Feature Image Credit: Metro North Health

Beachmere Water Meters Get Major Upgrade As Unitywater Moves To Improve Accuracy

Residents in Beachmere are set to see new water meters installed across the suburb as part of Unitywater’s major infrastructure upgrade across the Moreton Bay region.



Why Meters Are Being Replaced

Unitywater began active rollouts through 2025, with crews visiting suburbs across its service area, including Beachmere, Kallangur, Buderim, Cooroibah, Mons and Nambour. The utility confirmed the work forms part of a broader $400 million investment to renew and enhance water and wastewater networks across Moreton Bay, Sunshine Coast, and Noosa.

Photo Credit: Unitywater/Facebook

Unitywater is replacing water meters aged 10 to 15 years or those under heavy use to ensure accurate readings. Older meters often under-record water use, affecting billing and data reliability. Since July 1, 2025, nearly 2,800 meters have been replaced. The program is part of a five-year, $2 billion plan to strengthen the region’s water infrastructure.

What Beachmere Residents Can Expect

Work crews will notify Beachmere households at least 48 hours before replacing a meter. Each job usually takes 30 to 60 minutes, during which water supply may be briefly interrupted. Once completed, crews leave a card with the final reading from the old meter.

Photo Credit: Unitywater/Facebook

Residents are encouraged to keep this reading for comparison with their next bill to confirm accuracy. Unitywater’s maintenance teams request residents to keep access to water meters clear of debris, garden overgrowth, or obstructions before scheduled replacement dates.

Broader Community Impact

The project goes beyond meter accuracy. Unitywater says upgrading equipment supports long-term service reliability and helps manage ageing assets. 

Photo Credit: Unitywater/Facebook

Unitywater presents the investment as part of regional infrastructure renewal amid ongoing growth in the service region. Residents can expect clearer billing and improved service reliability, with reduced risk from worn meters.

Keeping Residents Informed

Unitywater maintains communication channels through its website, where updates and suburb schedules are posted. Residents with questions or accessibility issues are urged to contact Unitywater directly before work begins.



The replacement program in Beachmere highlights the organisation’s ongoing focus on local maintenance and customer transparency, ensuring the region’s water network remains efficient for years ahead.

Published 18-September-2025

Featured Photo Credit: Unitywater/Facebook

Caboolture Property Market Snapshot

A COMPARISON OF SALES

Below are a range of properties sold and settled in Caboolture recently. They can give an indication of what price range your own property could be in.
Markets change quickly in the current climate, points of difference can be magnified and result in a premium, though the ability of the agent to generate multiple offers is often a significant contribution to the final price.
Based On These Sales, What Is Your Place Worth ?

2/45 Herd Street, Caboolture

3 Bedrooms, 2 Bathrooms, 1 Car Space

Sold for $690,500

Well designed duplex near Pumicestone State School and other schools

This duplex has spacious bedrooms with built-ins, rainwater tank plumbed to toilets, large covered alfresco area, and modern kitchen.

2/14 Lower King Street, Caboolture

2 Bedrooms, 1 Bathroom, 1 Car Space, 85sqm

Sold for $460,000

Located near Caboolture Square and Caboolture Train Station

UNIT 2 has a lock-up garage, carpeted bedrooms, open face brick interior, and private, enclosed courtyard.

2/167 Male Road, Caboolture

3 Bedrooms, 2 Bathrooms, 2 Car Spaces, 170sqm

Sold for $803,000

Fully fenced property, freshly painted with large double gate side access

Features Hybrid Waterproof flooring, master has walk-in robe, kitchen with premium appliances

68 Jensen Road, Caboolture

3 Bedrooms, 2 Bathrooms, 1 Car Space, 611sqm

Sold for $795,000

Three-bedroom family home just minutes from Caboolture Hospital, schools, and shops

Large fully fenced yard, security screens, split system air conditioning

5/14 Cassowary Court, Caboolture

3 Bedrooms, 2 Bathrooms, 2 Car Spaces, 140sqm

Sold for $638,000

Thoughtfully designed townhouse not yet finished, due Feb 2026

Unt features smart, functional floorplan with modern features, comes with secure Garage and car bay

58 Frangipani Drive, Caboolture

3 Bedrooms, 1 Bathroom, 2 Car Spaces, 8000sqm

Sold for $1,030,000

2-Acre property with huge shed

Brick-and-tile home surrounded by nature, with paved outdoor entertaining area, large shed with a divided room for home office or rumpus

17 Candlenut Street, Caboolture

4 Bedrooms, 2 Bathrooms, 4 Car Spaces, 3000sqm

Sold for $1,725,000

With secure parking, remote garage

Features a shed, outdoor entertaining, in-ground swimming pool, solar panels, ducted cooling and ducted heating

24 Shirley Street, Caboolture

3 Bedrooms, 1 Bathroom, 2 Car Spaces, 809sqm

Sold for $840,000

Located in a flood-free block

Freshly painted with new carpet in the bedrooms, original timber flooring underneath

18 Mary Street, Caboolture

4 Bedrooms, 3 Bathrooms, 2 Car Spaces, 2782 sqm

Sold for $1,160,000

Located on the Caboolture Riverfront with access to fishing and nature,

2 Master suites and 2 kitchens, split system air con, fireplace, 23,000L water tank and Solar with rear deck and Alfresco area overlooking the river.

10 Schiffke Court, Caboolture

5 Bedrooms, 3 Bathrooms, 2 Car Spaces, 605sqm

Sold for $1,050,000

Dual occupancy duplex on single title, unit 1 is 2 bedrooms and unit 2 is 3 bedrooms. Each unit has air conditioning


Disclaimer: The list of properties appearing in this article is provided for illustrative purposes only and is listed as Sold as of press time. Since listing status is dynamic and subject to change, readers are encouraged to verify updated status independently.

Regional Reset Program Brings New Opportunities for At‑Risk Youth in Caboolture

Caboolture is set to benefit from the Regional Reset program, a new intensive early intervention initiative aimed at helping young people aged 8 to 17 who are showing signs of disengagement or antisocial behaviour. 


Read: ‘Half Are Homeless’: New Caboolture Health Hub Reveals Depth of Local Need


The program, delivered by Youth Insearch, offers support through residential short‑stays, community‑based peer support and family engagement sessions in Caboolture and Deception Bay.

Regional Reset Program
Photo credit: Facebook/Youth Insearch Foundation

The Regional Reset program will provide more than four months of intensive support for participants, including three short‑stay “resets” at the residential facility at PCYC Bornhoffen, where they will receive round‑the‑clock supervision. During these stays, participants will engage in activities designed to develop emotional, social and physical wellbeing — including cultural mentoring, educational workshops, life and employment skills sessions, and adventure‑based outdoor programs.

Beyond the residential component, the programme also offers a range of peer support groups and family engagement sessions at the local PCYC branches in Caboolture and Deception Bay. These sessions aim to help young people reconnect with education, build community ties and involve families as part of the support framework.

Regional Reset Program
Photo credit: Facebook/Youth Insearch Foundation

Youth Insearch Chief Executive Officer Stephen Lewin said: “Our peer‑led programme provides structured, tailored supports to help a young person repair relationships, rebuild trust and strengthen connections to school, community and culture while reducing offending behaviour.” 

He added: “We know that young people with lived experience are most effective in supporting their peers to overcome life challenges, instil hope and build connections and social networks within the community.”

The programme is one of nine Regional Reset sites across Queensland, backed by a multimillion‑dollar investment in early intervention and rehabilitation initiatives for young people who are at risk of entering more serious cycles of offending.

For families in Caboolture, the Regional Reset programme offers accessible, community‑based intervention where young people and their support networks can engage locally. The blend of residential stays, peer mentoring and family engagement aims to give participants practical tools and structured time away from harmful environments while reintegrating into their schools and communities.


Read: Caboolture Pool And Fitness Centre Sparks Community Support For Locals In Need


With the residential and local components operating in Caboolture and Deception Bay, the programme’s design means that support is available close to home — helping to embed positive outcomes where they matter most.

Featured image credit: Facebook/Youth Insearch Foundation

Published 10-November-2025

Street Spotlight: Manley St, Caboolture

In the quiet rhythm of a school-day morning, Manley St comes alive with a familiar choreography. Parents navigate drop-offs with practised efficiency, while students from nearby Australian Christian College Moreton make their way along footpaths worn smooth by years of backpack-laden journeys. It’s the kind of everyday connection between street and school that defines suburban life—unremarkable until you pause to notice the small courtesies that make it work.



Neighbours on Manley Street have long understood their role in the broader school community. Over the years, the street has earned a quiet reputation for its consideration during peak times, with residents accustomed to theebb and flow of morning traffic and the occasional request for mindful parking. It’s a subtle partnership, one that speaks to the way a residential street can become woven into the fabric of local education without fanfare or formal recognition.

The street itself has witnessed considerable change since the early 1990s, when properties along Manley Street changed hands for modest sums—barely six figures in an era when Caboolture was still finding its feet as a growing suburban hub. Those early sales laid the groundwork for the established neighbourhood that exists today, where homes have become anchors for families who’ve chosen to stay, invest, and build their lives over more than a decade.

Manley St, Caboolture Residents

NUMBER OF PROPERTIES: 6 units, 49 houses, 14 others
% OF OWNER OCCUPIERS ON STREET: 75%
AVERAGE TIME FOR OWNER OCCUPIERS: 14 years and 8 months
% OF PEOPLE 10+ YEARS: 54%

Manley St, Caboolture – As It Looked in 1936

SOME RECENT SALES ON MANLEY ST, CABOOLTURE

Property AddressSale PriceSale Date
33 Manley Street, Caboolture$737,000Jun 2025

SOME TYPICAL PROPERTY SALES ON MANLEY ST FROM YESTERYEAR

Property AddressSale PriceSale Date
11 Manley Street, Caboolture$110,000Aug 1992
31 Manley Street, Caboolture$82,500Jul 1992
42 Manley Street, Caboolture$85,000Nov 1991

SUBURB PROFILE

The median price of a 3 Bedroom House in Caboolture in 2025 was $700,000
The median price of a 3 Bedroom House in Caboolture in 2021 was $365,000
TYPICAL INCREASE OF A 3 BEDROOM HOUSE IN CABOOLTURE SINCE 2021: $335,000

The median price of a 4 Bedroom House in Caboolture in 2025 was $775,000
The median price of a 4 Bedroom House in Caboolture in 2021 was $435,000
TYPICAL INCREASE OF A 4 BEDROOM HOUSE IN CABOOLTURE SINCE 2021: $340,000

The median price of a 5 Bedroom House in Caboolture in 2025 was $934,000
The median price of a 5 Bedroom House in Caboolture in 2021 was $598,000
TYPICAL INCREASE OF A 5 BEDROOM HOUSE IN CABOOLTURE SINCE 2021: $336,000

The median price of a 3 Bedroom Unit in Caboolture in 2025 was $570,000
The median price of a 3 Bedroom Unit in Caboolture in 2021 was $282,000
TYPICAL INCREASE OF A 3 BEDROOM UNIT IN CABOOLTURE SINCE 2021: $288,000



If you know Manley St, Caboolture well and you have some anecdotes or details to add, please email us at editor@brisbanesuburbsonlinenews.com.au.

Published 6-November-2025